Training in perspective taking. A single-case experimental design
Main Article Content
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the generalized operant nature of perspective taking and the possibility of arbitrary derivation based on contextual clues in training in multiple samples, for which it was implemented a training protocol in relational responding deictic derivative in an eight-year-old girl. Method: The instruments used were a protocol of training in Perspective Taking and an assessment protocol in Theory of Mind. IX phases procedure, which includes several baseline measurements, different shapes and blocks of training and various assessments of theory of mind, was developed. Results: they show a predominance of the participant in the spatial and temporal dimension of perspective taking, plus the spread of deictic response through different stimuli at different levels of relational complexity. Conclusions: These data also provide evidence to the conceptual and empirical debates about the nature of perspective taking approached from the Relational Frame Theory.
Article Details
References
Arce, M. (2005). Las huellas del zapatero. San José: Alambique.
Barlow, D., & Hersen, M. (1988). Diseños experimentales de caso único. Barcelona: Ediciones Martínez Roca.
Barnes-Holmes, Y., & Barnes-Holmes, D. (2000). Explaining complex behavior. Two perspectives on the concept of generalized operant classes. The Psychological Record, 50, 251-265.
Barnes-Holmes, Y., Barnes-Holmes, D., Smeets, P. M., Strand, P., & Friman, P. (2004). Establishing relational responding in accordance with more-than and lessthan as generalized operant behavior in young children. International Journal Of Psychology And Psychological Therapy, 4(3), 531-558.
Baron-Cohen, S., Leslie, A. M., & Frith, U. (1985). Does the autistic children have a “theory of mind”? Cognitive Development, 21, 37-46.
Baron-Cohen, S., Tager-Flusberg, H., & Cohen D. J. (2000). Understanding other minds: Perspectives from developmental social neuroscience. Reino Unido: Oxford University Press.
Casal, J., & Mateu, E. (2003). Tipos de muestreo. Revista de Epidemiología y Medicina Preventiva, 1, 3-7.
Flórez, A. (2006). La psicología de la salud en Colombia. Universitas Psychologica, 5(3), 681-693.
Fox, E. (2010). An introduction to relational frame theory. Recuperado de http:// foxylearning.com/rft.
Gómez, S., López, F., Baños, C., BarnesHolmes, Y., & Barnes-Holmes, D. (2007). Exemplar training and a derived transformation of stimulus functions in accordance with symmetry and equivalence. The Psychological Record, 57, 273-294.
Hayes, S. C., Barnes-Holmes, D., & Roche, B. (2001). Relational frame theory: A précis. En S. C. Hayes, D. Barnes-Holmes, & B. Roche (Eds), Relational frame theory: A post-Skinnerian account of human language and cognition (pp. 141-154). New York Plenum.
Hayes, S. C., Blacklegde, J. T., & BarnesHolmes, D. (2001). Language and cognition: constructing an alternative approach within the behavioral tradition. En S. C. Hayes, D. Barnes-Holmes, & B. Roche (Eds), Relational frame theory: A post-Skinnerian account of human language and cognition (pp. 3-20). New York Plenum.
Hayes, S. C., Fox, E., Gifford, E., Wilson, K., Barnes-Holmes, D., & Healy, O. (2001). Derived relational responding as learned behavior. En S. C. Hayes, D. BarnesHolmes, & B. Roche (Eds), Relational frame theory: A post-Skinnerian account of human language and cognition (pp. 21-50). New York Plenum.
Heagle, A. & Rehfeldt, R. (2006). Teaching perspective taking skills to typically developing children through derived relational responding. Journal of Early and Intensive Behavior Intervention, 3, 1-34.
Horner, R. D., & Baer, D. M. (1978). Multipleprobe technique: A variation of the multiple baseline. Journal Applied Behavior Analysis, 11, 189-196.
Howlin, P., Baron-Cohen, S., & Hadwin, J. (1999). Teaching children with autism to mind-read. A practical guide for teachers and parents. Chichester: Wiley.
Lecannelier, F. (2004). Los aportes de la teoría de la mente (ToM) a la psicopatología del desarrollo. Terapia Psicológica, 22, 61-67.
Martín, M. J., Gómez, I., Chávez, M., & Greer, D. (2006). Toma de perspectiva y Teoría de la mente: Aspectos conceptuales y empíricos. Una propuesta complementaria y pragmática. Salud mental, 29 (6), 5-14.
McHugh, L., Barnes-Holmes, Y., & BarnesHolmes, D. (2004a). A relational frame account of the development of complex cognitive phenomena: Perspective-taking, false belief understanding, and deception. International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 4, 303-324.
McHugh, L., Barnes-Holmes, Y., & BarnesHolmes, D. (2004b). Perspective-taking as relational responding: A developmental profile. The Psychological Record, 54, 115-144.
McHugh, L., Barnes-Holmes, Y., BarnesHolmes, D., Whelan, R. & Stewart, I. (2007). Knowing me, knowing you: Deictic complexity in false believe understanding. Psychological Record, 57, 533-542.
Mebarak, M., Castro, A., Salamanca, M., & Quintero, M. (2009). Salud mental: Un abordaje desde la perspectiva actual de la psicología de la salud. Psicología desde el Caribe, 23, 83-112.
Naranjo, A. (2010). Evaluación y entrenamiento de la toma de perspectiva: Una propuesta analítica funcional. Revista Diversitas. Perspectivas en Psicología, 6, 141-151.
Organización Mundial de la Salud. (1946). Constitución de la Organización Mundial de la Salud.
Premack, D., & Woodruff, G. (1978). Does the chimpanzee have a Theory of Mind? The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 4, 515-526.
Rendón, M. I., Soler, F., & Cortés, M. (2012). Relaciones deícticas simples, toma de perspectiva y competencia social. Suma Psicológica, 19 (2), 19-37.
Rodríguez, N., García, E., Gorriz, A., & Regal, R. (s.f) ¿Cómo estudia el desarrollo de la mente? Jornades de Foment de la Investigació. Castellón: Universitat Jaume.
Sidman, M. (1960). Tácticas de investigación científica: Evaluación de datos experimentales en psicología. Barcelona: Fontanella.
Tanz, C. (2009). Studies in the acquisition of deictic terms. London: Cambridge studies in linguistics.
Weil, T. (2006). The impact of training deictic frames on perspective-taking with young children: A relational frame approach to theory of mind. Reno: University of Nevada.
Wellman, H., Cross, D., & Watson, J. (2001). A meta-analysis of theory of mind development: The truth about false belief. Child Development, 72, 655-684.
