Biology of Language in Post-Stroke Aphasia: Report of Three Cases and Topical Review
Article Sidebar
How to Cite
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Downloads
Societal impact
Main Article Content
Abstract
Language, a person’s ability to communicate and interact with his or her peers, is determined by a complex set of neural networks initially described as being only of cortical order, and currently described as being of cortical-subcortical order, which are interrelated. Its functionality is often affected by multiple etiologies. The main cause of acquired aphasia is stroke. The objective was to document and describe altered language cortical-subcortical circuits in patients with post-stroke aphasia using the report of three cases and a topical review on neurological language networks. All three studied patients suffered a stroke in areas irrigated by the left middle cerebral artery, with injury of several cortical and subcortical structures. In all patients, damage was found in areas other than Broca and Wernicke, where predominant alterations occurred in the dorsal language network. Patients reported vascular damage focused on the dorsal language network in the dominant hemisphere, compromising cortical and subcortical structures simultaneously, which is related to the complexity of structures, networks, and mechanisms involved in human language. The language structures include the insula, caudate, mesial temporal region, in addition to the classic left perisylvian areas, which produce language in a global and interconnected manner through cortical processing networks.
Article Details
References
Sharp HM, Hillenbrand K. Speech and language development and disorders in children. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2008 Oct;55(5):1159-73, viii.
Dronkers NF, Pinker S, Damasio A. lenguaje y afasias. En: Kandel E, Schwartz J, Jessell T. Principios de neurociencia. 4. ed. México: McGraw-Hill Interamericana; 2001. p. 1169-1187.
Lai CS, Fisher SE, Hurst JA, Vargha-Khadem F, Monaco AP. A forkhead-domain gene is mutated in a severe speech and language disorder. Nature. 2001;413:519-23.
Hickok G, Poeppel D. The cortical organization of speech processing. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2007 May; 8(5):393-402.
Sarno MT. Neurogenic disorders of speech and language. In: O’Sullivan SB, Schmitz TJ, editors. Physical rehabilitation. 5. ed. Philadelphia: FA Davis; 2007. p. 1194-120.
Kortte JH, Palmer JB. Speech and language disorders. In: Frontera WR, Silver JK, Rizzo TD Jr, editors. Essentials of physical medicine and rehabilitation: musculoskeletal disorders, pain, and rehabilitation. 2. ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2008. p. 853-857.
Gillen G. Cerebrovascular accident/stroke. In: Pendleton HM, Schultz-Krohn W, editors. Pedretti’s occupational therapy: practical skills for physical dysfunction. 6. ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby Elsevier; 2006. p. 822-823.
Price CJ, Seghier ML, Leff AP. Predicting language outcome and recovery after stroke: the PLORAS system. Nat Rev Neurol. 2010 Apr;6(4):202-10.
Greener J, Enderby P, Whurr R. Terapia del habla y lenguaje para la afasia después de accidente cerebrovascular: revisión Cochrane traducida. La Biblioteca Cochrane Plus [publicación periódica en línea]. 2008 [citada 13 de marzo de 2013]; (4). Disponible en: http://www.updatesoftware.com.
Brust JC. Aphasia, apraxia, and agnosia. In: Gonzalez EG, Myers SJ, Edelstein JE, Lieberman JS, Downey JA, editors. Downey and darling’s physiological basis of rehabilitation medicine. 3. ed. Boston, MA: Butterworth Heinemann; 2001. p. 711-719.
Vargha-Khadem F, Gadian DG, Copp A, Mishkin M. FOXP2 and the neuroanatomy of speech and language. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2005 Feb;6(2):131-8.
Silva F, Quintero C, Zarruk JG. Comportamiento epidemiológico de la enfermedad cerebrovascular en la población Colombiana. En: Pérez GE, editor. Guía neurológica 8: Enfermedad Cerebrovascular. Bogotá: Asociación Colombiana de Neurología;2007. p.23-29.
Bonita R, Solomon N, Broad JB. Prevalence of stroke and stroke-related disability. Estimates from the Auckland stroke studies. Stroke. 1997 Oct; 28(10):1898-902.
Nicholas M. Aphasia and dysarthria after stroke. In: Barnes M, Dobkin B, Bogousslavsky J. Recovery after stroke. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press;2005. p. 474-502.
Suárez JC, Retrepo SC, Ramírez EP, Bedoya CL, Jiménez J. Descripción clínica, social, laboral y de la percepción funcional individual en pacientes con ataque cerebrovascular. Act Neurol Colom. 2011;27(2): 97-105.
Rehabilitation Guideline Panel; United States. Post-stroke rehabilitation. In: Gresham GE, Duncan PW, Stason WB, Adams HP, Alexander DN, Bishop DS, et al. Epidemiology and natural history of stroke. Maryland: An Aspen; 1996. p.23-31.
Paolucci S, Antonucci G, Pratesi L, Traballesi M, Lubich S, Grasso MG. Functional outcome in stroke inpatient rehabilitation: predicting no, low and high response patients. Cerebrovasc Dis. 1998; 8:228 –234.
Laska AC, Hellblom A, Murray V, Kahan T, Von Arbin M. Aphasia in acute stroke and relation to outcome. J Intern Med. 2001 May; 249(5):413-22.
Tilling K, Sterne JA, Rudd AG, Glass TA, Wityk RJ, Wolfe CD. A new method for predicting recovery after stroke. Stroke. 2001 Dec 1; 32(12):2867-73.
Black-Schaffer RM, Osberg JS. Return to work after stroke: development of a predictive model. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1990 Apr; 71(5):285-90.
Ardila A. Las afasias. Miami: Florida International University,Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders;2006.
Weiser RE, Sheth KN. Clinical predictors and management of hemorrhagic transformation. Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2013 Apr;15(2):125-49
Kreisler A, Godefroy O, Delmaire C, Debachy B, Leclercq M, Pruvo JP, et al. The anatomy of aphasia revisited. Neurology. 2000 Mar 14;54(5):1117-23.
Amici S, Ogar J, Brambati SM, Miller BL, Neuhaus J, Dronkers NL, et al. Performance in specific language tasks correlates with regional volume changes in progressive aphasia. Cogn Behav Neurol. 2007 Dec;20(4):203-11.
Baldo JV, Schwartz S, Wilkins D, Dronkers NF. Role of frontal versus temporal cortex in verbal fluency as revealed by voxel-based lesion symptom mapping. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2006 Nov;12(6):896-900.
Borovsky A, Saygin AP, Bates E, Dronkers N. Lesion correlates of conversational speech production deficits. Neuropsychologia. 2007 Jun 18;45(11):2525-33.
Meinzer M, Mohammadi S, Kugel H, Schiffbauer H, Flöel A, Albers J, et al. Integrity of the hippocampus and surrounding white matter is correlated with language training success in aphasia. Neuroimage. 2010 Oct 15;53(1):283-90.
Bates E, Wilson SM, Saygin AP, Dick F, Sereno MI, Knight RT, et al. Voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping. Nat Neurosci. 2003 May;6(5):448-50.
Wilson SM, Saygin AP. Grammaticality judgment in aphasia: deficits are not specific to syntactic structures, aphasic syndromes, or lesion sites. J Cogn Neurosci. 2004 Mar;16(2):238-52.
Kinkingnéhun S, Volle E, Pélégrini-Issac M, Golmard JL, Lehéricy S, du Boisguéheneuc F, et al. A novel approach to clinical-radiological correlations: Anatomo-Clinical Overlapping Maps (AnaCOM): method and validation. Neuroimage. 2007 Oct 1;37(4):1237-49.
Pedrosa-Sánchez M, Escosa-Bagé M, García E, Sola RG. Ínsula de Reil y epilepsia farmacorresistente. Rev Neurol. 2003; 36 (1): 40-44.
Wise RJ, Greene J, Büchel C, Scott SK. Brain regions involved in articulation. Lancet. 1999 Mar 27; 353(9158):1057-61.
Damasio AR. Aphasia. N Engl J Med. 1992 Feb 20;326(8):531-9.
Paolucci S, Antonucci G, Pratesi L, Traballesi M, Lubich S, Grasso MG. Functional outcome in stroke inpatient rehabilitation: predicting no, low and high response patients. Cerebrovasc Dis. 1998 Jul-Aug; 8(4):228-34.
Inatomi Y, Yonehara T, Omiva S, Hashimoto Y, Hirano T, Uchino Ml. Aphasia during the acute phase in ischemic stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2008; 25: 316-323.
Berthier ML. Poststroke aphasia: epidemiology, pathophysiology and treatment. Drugs Aging. 2005;22(2):163-82.
American Heart Association, American Stroke Association. Stroke risk factors [Internet]. Dallas: American Heart Association; 2013 [citada 2012 apr 17]. Disponible en: http://www. strokeassociation.org/STROKEORG/AboutStroke/UnderstandingRis k/Understanding-Risk_ UCM_308539_SubHomePage.jsp.
Rojas Q. Análisis comparativo de las diferentes escuelas. Naturaleza de la afasia y su relación con otras funciones psicológicas. Rev Española Neur. 2002; 4(1):72 – 100.
Thiel A, Habedank B, Herholz K, Kessler J, Winhuisen L, Haupt WF, et al. From the left to the right: How the brain compensates progressive loss of language function. Brain Lang. 98 (2006);98(1): 57–65.
Corballis MC. FOXP2 and the mirror system. Trends Cogn Sci. 2004; 8: 95-6.
Simon RP, Aminoff MJ, Greenberg DA. Neurología clínica. 4. ed. México: Manuak Moderno;2004.
Bakheit AM, Shaw S, Carrington S, Griffiths S. The rate and extent of improvement with therapy from the different types of aphasia in the first year after stroke. Clin Rehabil 2007; 21(10): 941-9.
Ballard KJ, Thompson CK. Treatment and generalization of complex sentence production in agrammatism. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 1999; 42(3): 690-707.
Thompson CK, Shapiro LP. Complexity in treatment of syntactic deficits. Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2007; 30-42.
Thompson CK, Choy JJ, Holland A, Cole R. Sentactics®: computer-automated treatment of underlying forms. Aphasiology. 2010; 24(10):1242-1266.
Pulvermuller F, Berthier ML. Aphasia therapy on a neuroscience basis. Aphasiology. 2008; 22(6): 563-599.
Hough MS. Melodic intonation therapy and aphasia: another variation on a theme. Aphasiology. 2010;24(6-8):775-7.
Hamilton RH, Sanders L, Benson J, Faseyitan O, Norise C, Naeser M, et al. Stimulating conversation: enhancement of elicited propositional speech in a patient with chronic nonfluent aphasia following transcranial magnetic stimulation. Brain Lang. 2010; 113(1): 45-50.
Ruiter MB, Kolk HH, Rietveld TC. Speaking in ellipses: the effect of a compensatory style of speech on functional communication in chronic agrammatism. Neuropsychol Rehabil. 2010; 20(3): 423-458.
Kurland J, Baldwin K, Tauer C. Treatment-induced neuroplasticity following intensive naming therapy in a case of chronic Wernicke’s aphasia. Aphasiology. 2010; 24(6-8): 737-751.
Basso A. Perseveration or the tower of babel. Semin Speech Lang. 2004; 25(4):375-389.
Altschuler EL, Multari A, Hirstein W, Ramachandran VS. Situational therapy for Wernicke’s aphasia. Med Hypotheses. 2006;67(4):713-716.
McCall D, Shelton JR, Weinrich M, Cox D. The utility of computerized visual communication for improving natural language in chronic global aphasia: implications for approaches to treatment in global aphasia. Aphasiology. 2000; 14(8): 795-826.
Jacobs B, Drew R, Ogletree BT, Pierce K. Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) for adults with severe aphasia: where do we stand and how we can go further. Disabil Rehabil. 2004; 26(21-22): 1231-1240.
Wambaugh JL, Ferguson M. Application of semantic feature analysis to retrieval of action names in aphasia. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2007; 44(3): 381-394.
Kiran S. Typicality of inanimate category exemplars in aphasia treatment: further evidence for the semantic complexity. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2008; 51(6): 1550-1568.
Raymer AM, Rowland L, Haley M, Crosson B. Nonsymbolic movement training to improve sentence generation in transcortical motor aphasia: a case study. Aphasiology.2002;16(4-6):493-506.
Koenig-Bruhin M, Studer-Eichenberger F. Therapy for short-term memory disorders in fluent aphasia: a single case study. Aphasiology. 2007;21(5):448-458.
Murray LL, Keeton RJ, Karcher L. Treating attention in mild aphasia: evaluation of attention process training-II. J Commun Disord. 2006;39(1):37-61.
Kohn SE, Smith KL, Arsenault JK. The remediation of conduction aphasia via sentence repetition: a case study. Br J Disord Commun. 1990;25(1):45-60.
Benson DF, Sheretaman WA, Bouchard R, Segarra JM, Price D, Geschwind N. Conduction aphasia: a clinicopathological study. Arch Neurol. 1973 May; 28(5):339-46.