The dynamics of illiberal democracy: a case study

Abstract

This article explores the formation of illiberal democracy from a case study. First, a brief historical background is provided, followed by an attempt to define the concept of illiberal democracy, as proposed by Fareed Zakaria, and a presentation of ongoing academic debates on the subject. Subsequently, we will examine the basic elements of establishing an illiberal democracy regime based on the author's analysis of the Hungarian regime with specific examples for each category.

The article reviews the elimination of checks and balances as the first and most fundamental step in the deconstruction of the democratic system, followed by a severe limitation of the free press and the civil sphere. We will then present the strengthening of state capitalism through patronage and corruption, and conclude by presenting how democratic traditions and principles can be abused for everyday political ends. Finally, we will examine the conclusions that can be drawn and propose some questions for future research.