ISSN: 2027-7458 | ISSN-e: 2390-0067 | DOI: 10.18566/apolit The Analecta Política journal is a scientific publication belonging to the Political Science program, which is attached to the School of Law and Political Science of the Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín-Colombia. Its objective is to present research results and reflections on political theory. Likewise, articles that contribute to this field from the perspective of the history of political ideas, democratic representation, behavioral sciences linked to politics or cultural studies are accepted. It is aimed at academic and research communities interested in political science, and it promotes discussion and debate on social problems that concern those communities at the national and international levels. Keywords: political theory, political behavior, democratic representation, history of political ideas. Frequency Publications are made continuously every six months (January-June and July-December). Reception of proposals for publication closes on June 30 and December 31 of each year.
Adolescence, intertwined discourses and re-existence(s): observations on Socio-education in Brazil based on Pragmatic Networks
Grounded in the 1988 Federal Constitution, Brazil has been known by its legal frameworks on defending the rights of minority groups over the last twenty years. Despite the diverse multidimensional problems, the country has developed a landmark path in providing citizen support to historically vulnerable social groups. This is the case of adolescents in conflict with the law, who, supported by the Child and Adolescent Statute (ECA), find in Socio-education a means of redefining their life trajectories in society. Drawing on Critical Discourse Studies (ECD), this text intends to contribute to the socio-educational debate, interchanging considerations derived from the completed experience of developing a multisectoral project focused on Socio-education structure in Distrito Federal (Brazilian Federal District). The process of building a critic observatory, as well as methodologies aligned, were based on the discursive-critical approach of Pragmatic Networks. The Observatory project aimed to examine the role of education in the process of adolescents in conflict with the law social reintegration. It was observed that working with multimodal discursive genre structure based on Discursively Oriented Textual Practice - helped to visualize disagreements but also potential discursive ways for re-existence among the socio-educational participants who participated on the project.
Copyright (c) 2026 Analecta política https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Manuel Alcántara: a veteran who continues to approach politics with clarity and composure
Interview with political scientist Manuel Alcántara, conducted as part of the lecture “Looking to the Future Without Ignoring the Past,” which Professor Alcántara presented to students in the Political Science Program on May 9, 2025, at the Teatrino 2 Convention Center at the University of Atlántico.
Lorena Alejandra Campos Barreto Campos Barreto
Contributions to Public Policy from Critical Discourse Studies: Inputs and Challenges in Latin America
The development of Critical Discourse Studies (CDS) in Latin America has always maintained an emancipatory vocation and a commitment to equity and to human and social rights. In pursuit of that vocation and that commitment, we consider that, today, thinking about the relationship between CDS and public policy in our region entails, more than ever, recognizing the complexity of the social fabric within which we intervene through our analytical work. This means acknowledging that our research does not take place in a vacuum, but rather in territories crossed by historical inequalities and by the prioritization of financial profit over an economy oriented toward social development, which gives rise to growing inequities and the symbolic disputes that follow from them. In this context, we believe that public policies, today, demand, more than ever, to be conceived in terms of their potential for transformation.
Reflexive knowledge and the academic community
This article examines the role of reflective knowledge through the figure of the mediator introduced by Habermas in his essay Once Again on the Relationship Between Theory and Praxis, in his effort to link specialized knowledge with the lifeworld in order to safeguard humanity’s self-understanding. The conclusions will highlight the cracks in the mediator’s thinking and propose, in response, an ethics of self-correction and the management of one’s own arbitrariness. The article concludes with the idea of an authentic academic community capable of acting with solidarity and empathy, through thought and language that are truly binding and liberating.
Understanding Cooperation Through International Relations Theory: A General View
Cooperation is one of the most studied phenomena in the discipline of International Relations (IR). The diverse theoretical currents within the discipline offer a wide variety of perspectives and interpretations on this topic, allowing for a comprehensive understanding of its complexity. This article provides an overview of the most important IR theories and their approach to cooperation among actors in the international system. Based on a detailed review of the academic literature, the main postulates of theories such as realism, liberalism and constructivism are introduced, according to their internal categories and endogenous variants, emphasizing their assumptions about cooperation. Other theoretical approaches, such as the English School, Marxism, critical theory and feminism, are also studied. Furthermore, a reflection is made on the scope and limitations of the theories to fully understand the nature of international cooperation, and a brief review is made of contemporary debates surrounding the possibilities of cooperation between actors in the international system.
Education, Autonomy and Territory: Contributions from Post-Graduation to Endogenous Development in Brazil
This article examines the relationship between education, territorial autonomy, and endogenous development in Brazil through a critical review of 48 postgraduate dissertations and theses defended between 2015 and 2024. Grounded in the theoretical distinction between exogenous models, marked by external dependence, and endogenous trajectories, centered on local capacities, innovation, and democratic participation, the study highlights how education, when conceived as a territorialized public policy, becomes a structuring axis for regional development. Methodologically, a scoping review was employed to map the scope and limitations of academic production in the field, allowing the identification of interdisciplinary trends and regional specificities. Findings indicate that educational policies can either reinforce dependency or foster autonomy, depending on their articulation with territorial realities. In several cases, education strengthens communities’ decision-making capacity, reinforces social control, and fosters democratic governance through collaborative networks between universities, civil society, and local governments. Regional variations reveal that while the South and Midwest emphasize professional and environmental education, the North and Northeast mobilize indigenous, intercultural, and popular pedagogies, directly linking education to political emancipation and territorial justice. However, structural challenges persist, including inequality, resource scarcity, and elite control over development policies. The article argues that endogenous development requires education rooted in territorial realities, collective arrangements, and democratic governance initiatives. It concludes by suggesting that future research should further explore higher education’s role in regional development, given its growing impact on institutional capacity, knowledge production, and socio-political transformation.
Public policies and poverty in La Guajira, Colombia. An analysis of the role of epistemic resources
The present study aims to analyze, from a linguistic-discursive perspective, the role of the epistemic resources employed in presenting the issue of poverty in La Guajira, Colombia. Specifically, it seeks to demonstrate how media discourse constructs knowledge surrounding this issue to produce, in argumentative terms, a discourse that is legitimized for audiences interested in the economic situation of this department located in the Colombian Caribbean. From our perspective, it is important to emphasize that the presentation of these resources in the media is essential for communicating the policies and programs implemented by the Government as a mechanism for public dissemination, thereby providing a fundamental basis for citizen participation and public opinion. The corpus analyzed consists of documents retrieved from the Sinergia database of Colombia's National Planning Department (DNP), as well as newspaper headlines from El Tiempo, El Espectador, and El Colombiano. The analysis will draw on the conceptual framework proposed by Calsamiglia and Tusón (2012) and Otaola (1988) to examine the discursive strategies involved in the construction of knowledge, specifically epistemic modality and the evidential resources used to support knowledge claims, following Kotwica (2018). After identifying these strategies, we will examine, through a set of analytical categories, the functions that these epistemic resources perform in the discourses under analysis.
El terrorismo internacional en el siglo XXI, de Porfirio Cardona Restrepo y Luis Guillermo Patiño Aristizábal (2023), Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, 143 p.
Copyright (c) 2025 Analecta política https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The aim of this paper is a reflection on certain beliefs about contemporary science, its connection to the social and political spheres, and the neoliberal paradigm. It draws on my experience as a researcher and educator, with extensive fieldwork in shelters, hospitals, street contexts, and NGOs. It presents three key premises: 1) science does not need to be useful; 2) whether science is useful should be a decision made exclusively by the researcher; 3) the decision to make it useful must be accompanied by fieldwork, a collaborative ethnography, and a critical, decolonial, and intersectional stance. Finally, the work offers a series of observations related to public policy.
Multilevel Governance and Regulatory Fragmentation: Towards Smart and Integrated Mobility in the Aburrá Valley
This article critically analyzes the legal, institutional, and technological barriers hindering the consolidation of an integrated mobility system in the Aburrá Valley Metropolitan Area (AMVA). Based on the conceptual framework of multilevel governance and a mixed-methods approach –including documentary analysis, semi-structured interviews with key institutional actors, and a survey of 170 public transport users– the study highlights the functional fragmentation of the system and the lack of a metropolitan authority with real competencies in transit and transport. Findings reveal gaps in technological interoperability, fare integration, institutional coordination, and financing. In response, six coordinated strategies are proposed: reform of Law 1625 of 2013, effective transfer of competencies, creation of a Metropolitan Mobility Council, a progressive fare policy, a metropolitan interoperability platform, and a regional smart mobility fund. These proposals aim to reduce territorial inequalities, guarantee the right to mobility, and promote a more efficient, evidence-based, and cooperative governance model.
Privacy, Autonomy and Practices of Freedom
Shoshana Zuboff argues that the commercial dynamics of surveillance capitalism suppress human freedom through the progressive capture of individual privacy and autonomy. In contrast, a Foucauldian reading of privacy and autonomy as ethical aspects allows for a different interpretation of the problem, while also reclaiming self-care as practice of freedom and an ethical resistance to control.
Discursively studying public policies: The case of the right to gender identity for children and adolescents in Argentina
In this article, we reflect on the contributions that critical and interdisciplinary discourse studies can make to the formulation, implementation, and assessment of public policies, based on a case study. Using Critical Discourse Analysis and Critical Legal Studies, we analyze two public policy documents that regulate, in opposing ways, the right to gender identity in Argentina: Law 26.743, passed by the National Congress in 2012, and Presidential Decree 62, issued in 2025. The methodology is qualitative and inductive, and analysis was conducted using argumentation theory and the Method of Convergent Linguistic Approaches. The article includes the following sections: 1) introduction, where we address legal aspects of the right to gender identity; 2) theoretical-methodological framework, where we explain the approaches and methods employed; 3) corpus, where we briefly describe the texts analyzed; 4) analytical results, where we present and exemplify the discursive representations that emerge from the analysis; and 5) reflections on the contributions of discourse studies to public policies. On this point, we argue that an important contribution of these studies is their effectiveness in measuring, assessing, and/or adjusting the adequacy between the meanings produced by the linguistic materiality of public policy instruments, the orientations and demands they respond to, and their outcomes. To achieve this, we maintain, it is necessary to deepen the intersectoriality between academia and politics through activism.
Public policies in the gender and sexuality agenda: interdiscursive analysis of texts circulating in the Pricumã shelter, Boa Vista, Brazil
In this article, we analyze how Public Policies on the gender and sexuality agenda are disseminated by actors in the decision-making process, such as the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), within the Pricumã shelter, which is part of Operation Welcome - the Brazilian Federal Government's response to the migration of Venezuelan people across the border between the two countries (Brazil/Venezuela), which involves the (re)distribution of this population in shelters in Boa Vista, Pacaraima, and other cities. We also seek to identify emerging and contextual meanings regarding class, race, and gender inequalities in the texts circulating within the Pricumã shelter in Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil. As part of a broader research project, the corpus considered for this article consists of five texts: two brochures and three booklets, all collected during fieldwork conducted at the Pricumã shelter. The analyses assume as a theoretical-methodological premise the Interdiscursive Analysis of Public Policies (IAPP), with the aim of identifying traits that govern social and discursive practices specifically related to stereotypes and hegemonic meanings in contention. The results of this analysis indicate that the texts circulating in the Pricumã shelter serve as an important tool for literacy and access to public policies on the gender and sexuality agenda, activating emerging meanings linked to moments of debate and discussion.
Reseña. Giraldo Ramírez, Jorge (Eds.). (2024). Uribe. Miradas a su gobierno con dos décadas de distancia. Universidad de los Andes.
Approaches to Hannah Arendt’s Political Thought: Resignifying action in contemporary times
This article stems from the reflections developed by the research group “Contemporary Readings of Political Theory,” affiliated with the Political Studies Group at the Universidad Surcolombiana (Neiva, Huila, Colombia). It is grounded in a state-of-the-art analysis aimed at examining Hannah Arendt’s political conceptions, the reception of her thought in South America between 2018 and 2021, and its relevance to contemporary political studies. The central objective of this work is to conceptually clarify the category of politics and propose a critical reading that allows for a reconsideration of its implications from an Arendtian perspective. The research adopts a critical-hermeneutic approach to analyzing Arendt’s work and its interpretation in various contexts, particularly in South America. Based on this, fundamental categories such as action, work, labor, the public sphere, plurality, and freedom are examined. The results demonstrate the relevance of Arendtian thought in current political debates, highlighting the need to revitalize a transcendental politics that affirms the public sphere as a space of emergence and liberation, where action transcends the instrumental to affirm its transformative dimension. In the face of the crisis of representations and the hollowing out of the meaning of the political, this analysis seeks to contribute to the recovery of the meaning of political action and to the strengthening.
Environmental suffering: Perspectives on the drought in Chile from the voices of small farmers and experts
The political and economic reforms implemented during the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet (1973–1990) in Chile led to the approval of the Water Code, which established water as a market-tradeable resource. This legal framework has shaped the foundations of current debates on the prolonged drought affecting north-central Chile since 2011. The purpose of this article is to examine the intersubjective perspectives that different social actors construct around the water crisis and the ways in which these stances are connected to discursive macro-strategies that either support or challenge inherited neoliberal practices. From an interdisciplinary approach that brings together systemic functional linguistics, human geography, history, and critical discourse analysis, the study analyzes two types of sources: interviews with farmers in the municipality of Combarbalá and documents produced by the think tanks Instituto Libertad y Desarrollo and the Centro de Estudios Públicos. The findings reveal a significant contrast in the role that dialogic contraction assumes in each actor’s voice. While the farmers’ testimonies contract dialogical space to express collective resistance in the face of water scarcity, the texts produced by the think tanks reinforce the legitimacy of water rights privatization through dialogic contraction and the topos of disaster.
Modes of Thinking and Expressing Clear Language in the Public Prosecutor's Office of the Province of Buenos Aires (Argentina): A Perspective from Conceptual Metaphor Theory
The institutional interest in providing greater clarity to legal language is an initiative that, in recent decades, has driven public policies at local, regional, and global levels. We consider that one way to understand such policies is through the discourse of the authorities responsible for them, and that linguistic studies provide theoretical and methodological tools to investigate and describe their scope and limitations. Therefore, we ask ourselves what role analogical reasoning and its discursive manifestations occupy in a recently published manual developed by the Attorney General's Office of the Province of Buenos Aires –Republic of Argentina–. Specifically, we seek to identify and analyze the metaphors through which the jurisdiction's guidelines are communicated to legal operators in order to streamline, modernize, and clarify their discursive interventions in the Administration of Justice, in pursuit of ensuring the right of individuals to understand. Through a qualitative approach, we focus on addressing the text “Clear Language and Style Manual of the Public Prosecutor's Office” (2025), adopting theoretical and methodological inputs provided by cognitive linguistics, and particularly, the theory of conceptual metaphor. Among the findings of the study, the recurrent use of metaphors that conceptualize clear language in terms of a PATH, a WAR, a TOOL, a CONSTRUCTION, and even a CONCERT is highlighted. These conceptualizations serve as a resource to improve communication between judicial operators and the public.
Women, drug trafficking, and legal discourse: implications for the formulation and improvement of public policies
This article presents a critical analysis of the discursive representations of women accused of drug trafficking in decisions issued by the Court of Justice of Santa Catarina, aiming to demonstrate how legal language participates in the reproduction of social inequalities and can be mobilised as an instrument of punitive control. The research is grounded in Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), particularly drawing on the theoretical contributions of Fairclough (2003), Halliday and Matthiessen (2014), and van Leeuwen (2008), with special attention to transitivity systems, the representation of social actors, and presuppositions present in judicial texts. The empirical analysis of twelve appellate decisions revealed recurrent discursive patterns that associate female defendants with criminality through affective relationships, motherhood, territorial belonging, and presumed ties to criminal groups, often without objective demonstration of their actions. These discourses construct moral and stigmatising narratives in which the domestic space is no longer protected, and motherhood is treated as a symbolic aggravating factor. The article argues that such representations reinforce penal selectivity and limit access to alternative measures, disproportionately affecting poor and racialised women. It concludes that CDA can contribute to the formulation of more equitable public policies by exposing the ideological effects of legal discourse and promoting interpretative practices committed to constitutional principles and to gender and class equity within the justice system.
Compromisos incumplidos. El gasto del Gobierno nutre la desconfianza de los colombianos, de Fernando Rojas (2025), Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Económicas, 360 p.
Why do Critical Discourse Analysis? A theoretical and analytical exploration from a materialistic linguistics
This paper is framed within the framework of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and proposes three interrelated objectives. First, we problematize the social and political function of CDA from a reflection on the concept of “critique” in one of its major referents, Norman Fairclough. Our hypothesis is that the emancipatory objectives that the CDA claims (and should) have, as proposed by Fairclough himself, are weakening as he modifies his vision of the characteristics that the “critical” component of research within this theoretical current should have and moves away from its historical materialist roots. Therefore, as a second objective, we present Alejandro Raiter's proposal and suggest that it constitutes, within the ACD itself, a theoretical alternative that reinforces the objectives of Fairclough's first formulations, since it explicitly states the role that analysts should play in social transformations from a materialist linguistic point of view. Finally, as a third objective, we seek to demonstrate the productivity of this proposal by presenting the results of our own research on the political, legislative and institutional discourse on migrants in Argentina. We conclude that the discourse of multiculturalism is part of the dominant discourse together with the discourse that criminalizes migrants. The discourses that seek to value the presence of migrants do so from a utilitarian viewpoint, constituting an opposing discourse that reinforces the dominant discourse and fails to generate a discursive transformation. Finally, we outline some characteristics that an emerging discourse could have and reflect on the importance of this type of proposals by analysts.
Corruption in South Africa:A Clear Case of Seeing is Not Believing in an African National Congress-led Government
This article examines the pervasive issue of corruption in South Africa, particularly under the leadership of the African National Congress (ANC). Despite the ANC’s historical significance in transitioning South Africa to democracy and its rhetoric on combating corruption, the reality often suggests that “seeing is not believing.” The origins of corruption in South Africa can be traced back to colonial and apartheid-era influences, with the ANC’s ascendancy to power marking a critical juncture in this narrative. However, major corruption scandals have severely undermined public trust, exemplified by the state capture during Jacob Zuma’s presidency and the Gupta family's alleged corrupt activities. The article also assesses the legal and institutional frameworks for combating corruption in South Africa. It critically evaluates the effectiveness of existing laws and regulations and highlights key challenges, including political interference, lack of transparency, and weak institutions. Proposed reforms aim to enhance the capabilities and transparency of systems, ensure fairness and sustainability, re-establish investigative and prosecutive capabilities, and explore options in civil law and administrative sanctions. It scrutinises the ANC’s approach to corruption, questioning whether their actions align with their commitments and reflecting on the role of the Zondo Commission in promoting accountability. In conclusion, the article underscores the pressing need to combat corruption in the interest of South Africa's future and advocates for ongoing efforts to rebuild public trust and integrity. It emphasises that mere visibility of corruption does not equate to belief in the government’s commitment to tackle it, thus highlighting the necessity for concrete actions beyond rhetoric.
Public Opinion and Legitimacy: An Approach to Colombian Democracy
The article examines the phenomenon of public opinion from the perspective of political communication, which requires preparation and study, so that future politicians and active, participating citizens do not contribute to the constant sensationalization of public expression, thereby undermining legitimacy. This is within the framework of Colombian democracy, as a model that must be strengthened for the functioning of institutions, politics, and the legal system. Thus, the text proposes that public opinion in Colombian democracy has an effect on legitimacy and is part of a process that, when studied, makes visible the challenges that citizens and institutions face with regard to digital content and its processing, as a way of building public opinion that is less malleable to actions that condition or distort reality.
Ideology on Trial. Attitudes toward Sexual Politics among Latin American Legislators
This paper examines Latin American legislators' attitudes toward sexuality politics. Utilizing comprehensive PELA-USAL survey data collected from 17 countries, the analysis focuses on three critical dimensions: gender equality, reproductive rights, and LGBT+ issues. The findings reveal that left-right ideological divisions remain the primary drivers of support for gender equality and reproductive rights policies, with state-market preferences playing a secondary but noteworthy role. Religion proves to be a significant factor, as Evangelicals consistently oppose such measures, while Catholic legislators exhibit a broader and more varied ideological range. Female legislators emerge as key and prominent advocates for these causes, and younger cohorts show stronger support for LGBT+ rights, clearly reflecting generational shifts in perspectives. By analyzing the interplay of cultural, economic, and ideological influences, this study sheds valuable light on the hybrid nature of sexuality politics, which transcends traditional ideological boundaries and redefines political discourse in Latin America.
Copyright (c) 2024 Analecta política https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
An Essay on the Modeling of Apparent Consensus Decision-Making within PublicInstitutions
This paper seeks to develop a formal model of deliberation channels within specialist committees in two public institutions in Peru: the Ombudsman’s Office (DP) and the National Office of Electoral Processes (ONPE). It examines how uncertainty is shaped through internal deliberations and how the professional incentives of committee members generate mutual interdependence. These actors pursue public policy proposals aligned with both their political and technical preferences. These preferences are interpreted by the setters –strategic actors within the committees– who synthesize the concentric consensus reached to propose initiatives for state action. The greater the value of such initiatives within the committee, the lower the uncertainty about political support, and the higher the likelihood of policy success. The article explores the occurrence of the Apparent Consensus Decision (ACD) phenomenon, in which the setter concludes the deliberation by articulating a decision that no specialist explicitly opposes.
Inter-institutional Collaboration between the National Police and Municipal Administration Entities of Manizales as a Strategy for Crime Prevention
This article reports on the research conducted by the Alejandro Gutiérrez Police Academy group, whose main objective is to analyze how to innovate police services for crime prevention through inter-institutional collaboration between the National Police and various entities operating in the city of Manizales. The methodological approach followed a mixed-methods design with a hypothetical-deductive scope, involving the participation of representatives from the National Police and municipal authorities, semi-structured interview techniques for information gathering, and document review. The main findings indicate that both members of the National Police and representatives of the municipal administration recognize the importance and necessity of coordinated work with local authorities to fulfill their mission, particularly with regard to the implementation of strategies and measures aimed at combating and preventing crime. In Manizales, there have been successful experiences when the National Police and the different municipal entities work together; however, it remains necessary to continue strengthening and reinforcing this collaborative work. Inter-institutional work (between the National Police and municipal administration entities) has the greatest impact on crime prevention, and it should involve pedagogical processes with different age groups and in various community settings, with the aim of training and raising awareness among different population groups.
Elecciones: Colombia en las urnas en 2022
El libro ofrece una lectura variada desde distintas orillas disciplinares, para entender las elecciones colombianas en 2022 y el escenario político del momento, el cual tuvo un cambio que, como bien lo plantea Romero (2024) en la introducción de la obra, “no surgió de improviso. Tuvo un terreno largo de preparación, que refleja algunas de las transformaciones recientes de Colombia” (p. 10). En total, se incluyen nueve capítulos, agrupados en tres bloques temáticos, a saber: I) Perspectivas generales; II) Elecciones para Congreso, y III) Elecciones presidenciales. Los capítulos fueron redactados por 15 autores, entre politólogos, historiadores, filósofos, comunicadores sociales, abogados, entre otros, quienes fueron motivados a aportar a la comprensión de la coyuntura electoral arraigada en las profundas estructuras políticas, económicas y sociales del país. Esto permitió que en 2002 fuera elegido por primera vez en la historia de Colombia un presidente de izquierda y abrió las puertas a una amplia presencia de su coalición política, el Pacto Histórico, en el Congreso a partir del mismo año.
Community development and schools. Conflict, power y promise
En el texto se explora el reto democrático al que se enfrenta la incorporación de otras voces, otras organizaciones y el Gobierno local a una política de desarrollo comunitario más amplia, y se reconoce el impacto que generan en las escuelas y la comunidad los cambios demográficos, la crisis por la pandemia Covid-19 y los incentivos y exenciones fiscales. Para ello, el texto se estructura en cuatro partes (nueve capítulos): la introducción, las conclusiones y las dos intermedias, que se relacionan con el marco de Good (2022) en cuatro dimensiones: social, institucional, económica y física, con el objetivo de vincular el desarrollo comunitario con las escuelas.
Inequality in Land Ownership, Access to Property, and Rural Development: The Agrarian Problem in Colombia
This article examines the agrarian problem in Colombia from a structuralist methodology, focusing on inequality in land distribution and its implications for rural development. Through historical and statistical analysis, it seeks to understand how the concentration of land in the hands of landowners, favored by technological advancements and access to resources, has widened the gap in the agricultural sector, further marginalizing and limiting the development of the Colombian peasantry.
The Three Triads of Norberto Bobbio: Coordinates of His Thought and Works
Field of Knowledge: Political Science. Objective: To present a profile of Norberto Bobbio's life and the thematic, methodological, and political orientations of his work as a philosopher and political scientist. Methodology: A review article on the life and work of the Italian philosopher and political scientist. It is based on the systematization and analysis of biographical articles, his autobiographical books, his numerous articles and books, and the works of his critics. A general overview was created of his contributions, methodological orientations, and positions on central problems of philosophy and political science. Result: The body of his work, methodology, and conception of society are presented through three triads: one covering the fields of knowledge in his work (philosophy of law, political philosophy, and political science), another addressing his methodological aspects (conceptual elucidation, the use of dichotomies, and his epistemological realism), and the third focusing on his conception of society (liberalism, socialism, and political realism). Conclusion: The analysis of these three dimensions highlights the significant impact of the Italian thinker’s ideas and works, particularly in political science.
From Performance Measurement Systems to Performance Management Systems in Local Public Administration: Did Colombia Make the Transition?
This article examines the transition of local governments in Colombia from performance measurement to performance management as an instrument for managing intergovernmental relations. The implementation of monitoring and evaluation schemes based on indices to categorize and measure municipal performance was an expression of managerial reforms and the deepening of decentralization since the 1980s. These changes initially focused on measurement and later on fiscal sustainability control. After more than two decades of implementation, progress has been made in measuring local fiscal and administrative capacities. However, much remains to be done, such as understanding coercive capacities and achieving support processes that enable sustainable improvements in management and a more equitable provision of public goods across the territory.