Diversity of conflicts in the twenty-first century

Abstract

This paper aims to determine the onset of a diversity of armed conflicts in the twenty-first century. The aforementioned conflicts emerged due to the contraction of the geographical conception of the State in its State-nation version, the appearance of historical conflicts of identity framed in ethnical and religious vindications, the commencement of illegal armed groups and terrorist tactics, and the increase of international uncertainty created by groups inserted in illegal economies. These new dynamics appear in the context of re-shaping the international system given the URSS disappearance and the end of the Cold War. The religion, ethnical revaloration, as well as new versions of nationalism begin to be central part of the political changes. Furthermore, the States’ loss of control over international criminality allowed the development of different organizations with broad capacities to produce and trade products demanded in the illegal international market. Such situation increased political fractures, the governmental incapacity of response and international loss of control. Hence, a study of the aforementioned topics evidences that instead of creating a reduction of the number of State, the twenty-first century shows an increase of complex political disputes based on new political meanings built from diverse identities. Tht tendency could threat States such as China, India, Russia, and even The United States, simply because the conception of identity acquired a differentiated political value with multiple possibilities and varied disputes that challenge the traditional Western referents in the world of the post-cold war.