synderesis and the magisterium: a theological proposal
Main Article Content
Abstract
In a world prone to relativism, any person or institution claiming a consistent and unalterable doctrine is misconstrued by those who profess the ‘supreme
principle’ of the relativity of all principles, the absolute absence of all absolutes. Hence, the Magisterium of the Church is often considered outdated and is
criticized, with possible dangerous consequences. Humans have innate habits without which they could never be rational, one of these being Synderesis, which regulates human activity and is a solid base on which a society of peace can be built. Besides, this habit is essentially linked to the order of human rational nature and of the Universe, both of which are creatures of God, Who reflects His own divine Being in Creation. Thus, when the Church urges all to live according to the order of rational nature, far from proposing what is outdated; She only offers what can bring peace to human beings.
References
Ambrose, St. De Paradiso. ML 14.
Ambrosiaster. (2000). Commentary on the Letter to the Romans. In La Biblia comentada por los Padres de la Iglesia - Nuevo Testamento. (Vol. VI). (G. Bray & M. M. Rodríguez, Eds.). Madrid: Ciudad Nueva.
Aquinas, St. Thomas. (2003). De Veritate. In Aquino Santo Tomas de. Opúsculos y cuestiones selectas - II. (Fernández-Largo, Ed.). Madrid: BAC.
________. (2005). Expositio et lectura super epistolam Pauli Apostoli ad Romanos. In Commento al Corpus Paulinum - Lettera ai Romani (Vol. I). (B. Mondin, Trans.). Bologna: Studio Domenicano.
Aristotle. (1947). Categorias. In Obras completas de Aristóteles (Vol. III). (P. Azcárate, Trans.). Buenos Aires: Anaconda.
________. (2002). Ética a Nicômaco. (E. Bini, Trans). São Paulo: Edipro. 72 | Cuestiones Teológicas, Vol. 40, No. 93 (enero - junio, 2013) Joshua Alexander Sequeira
________. (2005). Metafísica (Vol. II) (G. Reale, Trans.). (2a ed.). São Paulo: Loyola.
Augustine, St. (1964). A Cidade de Deus. In Obras de Santo Agostinho (Vol. III). (O. P. Leme, Trans.). São Paulo: Américas.
________. (1997). Enarrationes in Psalmum LVII. In Coleção Patrística. (Vol. II) (Benedictine sisters of Mary, mother of Christ Monastery – Caxambu, Trans.). São Paulo: Paulus.
________. (2006). Confissões. In Coleção Patrística (Vol. X) (3a ed.). (M. L. Amarante, Trans.). São Paulo: Paulus.
________. (2010). Contra Faustum. (R. Stothert, Trans.). Available at http://www. ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf104.pdf
Benedict XVI. (2007). Address to participants in the International Congress on Natural Moral Law at the Pontifical Lateran University - 12/2/2007. Available at http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/benedict_xvi/speeches/2007 /february/ documents/hf_ben-xvi_spe_20070212_pul_en.html
________. (April 2009). Discurso no Pontifício Seminário Romano - 20/2/2009. Revista Arautos do Evangelho, 88, 6-8.
Bertone, T. (2008). Aula magna at La Habana University, Cuba - 25/2/2008. Available at: http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/ secretariat_state/cardbertone/2008/documents/rc_seg-st_20080225_conferen za-cuba_en.html
Bourque, V. (1980). El principio de la sindéresis: fuentes y funciones en la ética de Tomás de Aquino. Sapientia, 137-138, 616-626.
Chrysostom, St. John. Homilies on the Letter to the Romans. (J. Morris and W. Simcox, Trans.). Available at http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf111.html
________. Homilies on the Statues to the People of Antioch. (Stephens, Trans.). Available at http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf109.pdf
Garrigou-Lagrange, R. (1980). El sentido común - la filosofía del ser y las formulas dogmáticas. Madrid: Palabra.
Geslin. (1935). Le plan de Dieu sur le monde: épitre aux pomains. Rouen: La DemiHeure d´Ecriture Sainte.
John XXIII. (1962). Speech at the opening of Vatican Council II - 11/10/1962. Available at http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_xxiii/speeches/ 1962/ documents/hf_j-xxiii_spe_19621011_opening-council_po.html Cuestiones Teológicas, Vol. 40, No. 93 (enero - junio, 2013) | 73 Synderesis and the magisterium: a theological proposal
John Paul II. (1993). Veritatis splendor.
________. (1998). Fides et ratio.
Leo XIII. (1888). Libertas praestantissimum.
Llano, A. (2004). Gnosiologia realista. (Marquezini, Trans.). São Paulo: Instituto Brasileiro de Filosofia e Ciência ‘Raimundo Lúlio’.
Molina, F. (1996). Sindéresis y conciencia moral. Anuario Filosófico (Navarra), 29, 773-786.
Origen of Alexandria. (2001). Commentary on the letter to the romans. In Fathers of the Church (Vol. CIII). (T. Scheck, Trans.). Washington: CUA.
________. (2004). Contra celso. In Coleção Patristica (Vol. XX). (O. dos Reis, Trans.). São Paulo: Paulus.
Profesores de Salamanca (Ed.). (1975). Biblia Comentada (Vol. VI/I). Madrid: BAC.
Professores portugueses (Ed.). (1990). Biblia Sagrada (Vol. II). Braga: Theologica.
Ramírez, S. (1958). ¿Un orteguismo católico? Salamanca: San Esteban.
Ratzinger, J. (2005). Homily during the ‘Pro Eligendo Pontifice’ Mass. – 18/4/2005. Available at: http://www.vatican.va/gpII/documents /homily-pro-eligendopontifice_20050418_en.html
Royo Marín, A. (1968). Teología de la perfección cristiana (5a ed.). Madrid: BAC. ________. (1996). Teología moral para seglares (Vol. I) (7a ed.). Madrid: BAC.
Sanguineti, J.J. (2005). El conocimiento humano: una perspectiva filosófica. Madrid: Palabra.
Sellés, J.F. (2003). La sindéresis o razón natural como la apertura cognoscitiva de la persona humana a su propia naturaleza. Revista Española de Filosofía Medieval, 10, 321-333.
________. (2008). Los hábitos intelectuales según Tomás de Aquino. Pamplona: Eunsa.
Urdanoz, T. (1954). Introduction to q. LIII of the Ia -IIae. In Suma Teologica (Vol. V). Madrid: BAC.
Vernaux, R. (1969). Filosofia do homem. (C. Maia & R. Aniz, Trans.). São Paulo: Duas Cidades.