Del homo economicus al homo dignus. La indispensabilidad de la patrística para la economía, incluso después de la Ilustración

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Paul Van Geest

Resumen

Antes de que la ciencia económica se convirtiera en una disciplina independiente en el siglo XVIII, las cuestiones económicas eran materia de tratados teológicos. En summae como las del realista Tomás de Aquino, y en el Collectorium del nominalista Gabriel Biel, las cuestiones del comportamiento humano, las virtudes y los vicios en las transacciones y relaciones sociales y económicas se abordaban en el contexto más amplio de la religión y la teología. Pero cuando la economía se independizó como disciplina científica, Dios desapareció de la economía. Este trabajo indaga por cómo el problema de las normas científicas aplicadas en economía y teología parecen excluir la cooperación interdisciplinaria. Asimismo, se señala que en realidad ocurre lo contrario: los métodos utilizados en economía y teología no son iguales, sino complementarios. Se propone de manifiesto la utilidad de reavivar los lazos consagrados entre la economía y la teología como disciplinas científicas, a fin de profundizar y enriquecer la visión humana que subyace a la investigación económica. Por último, se ofrece un ejemplo concreto de cómo los teólogos pueden ayudar a los economistas a obtener una comprensión más precisa y profunda del fenómeno humano, que les será útil a la hora de afinar sus hipótesis de investigación. Se demuestra que la teología puede aportar un valor añadido al ampliar la "visión económica del ser humano". El estudio de las fuentes bíblicas y patrísticas, especialmente las obras de San Agustín, puede ayudar a refinar y profundizar el significado de esta palabra, precisamente con vistas a la formación de teorías en economía.

Palabras clave:
Homo economicus, Homo dingus, Tomás de Aquino, Patrística, Gabriel Biel, Agustín, Interdisciplinariedad, Economía y Teología

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Biografía del autor/a

Paul Van Geest , Tilburg University

Paul van Geest studied Philology at Leiden University and Philosophy and Theology at the Gregorian University. He is a Full Professor of Church History and History of Theology at Tilburg University, Full Professor of Economics and Theology at Erasmus University Rotterdam. He published and edited more than 30 books and wrote more than 300 articles about Thomas a Kempis, Augustine and his Negative Theology, Gabriel Biel, the Modern Devotion and the interrelationship of theology and economics. Recently he wrote (in Dutch) European Catholicism. A History (Amsterdam: Boom, second editon 2020). His last book is published by Brill and is entitled: Morality in the Market Place. Reconciling Theology and Economics (Leiden: Brill, 2021).

He was pro-decanus of the Faculty of Theology at Tilburg University from 2013-2019. In 2008 he founded the Centre of Patristic Research, an institute that was owned by the VU University Amsterdam and Tilburg University. This centre aimed at research into the theological developments in Early Christianity. He has successfully supervised and examined 20 PhD students.  In 2019 he also founded the Erasmus Economics and Theology Institute at Erasmus University Rotterdam, a knowledge center for education, research and training focusing on the intersection of theology and economics.

He is also editor of Augustiniana (Leuven), Brill’s series of catholic theology and Brill’s series in church history and chief-editor of Brill’s Encyclopedia of Early Christianity

Finally he is, among other societies, also a member of the Pontifical Academy for Theology, the Royal Holland Society of Sciences and Humanities, the European Academy of Sciences and Arts and of the Board of the Department of Humanities of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts & Sciences (KNAW). Furthermore, he serves as a member of the advisory board of OMO: a governance organisation for secondary education in the Netherlands, managing 50 Catholic schools.  OMO is the largest organisation for secondary education in the Netherlands. He is married and his wife and he have two daughters. 

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