Sistemas de ativação e de inibição de conduta e sua relação com o funcionamento executivo em ex-combatentes irregulares do conflito armado colombiano
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Resumo
Objetivo: Explorar a relação entre os sistemas de ativação de conduta (SAC) / sistema de inibição de conduta (SIC) e funções executivas (FE) em ex-combatentes do conflito armado colombiano.
Metodologia: Estudo observacional, exploratório, com amostra não aleatória de 39 ex-combatentes do programa da Alto Conselho da Presidência para a Reintegração, residentes em Antioquia-Colômbia, idade 35±7.6 anos, 87.2% homens, e escolaridade 10±2.8 graus; comparados com um grupo controle de 14 não combatentes (idade 33±6.1 anos, 71.4% homens e escolaridade 10±2.7 graus). Se lhes administrou um questionário de SAC/SIC, usando a sensibilidade à recompensa (SR) e a sensibilidade ao castigo (SC). Para a FE se aplicou a prova Ineco Frontal Screening (IFS).
Resultados: Houve alterações específicas da FE: na execução de instruções conflitivas (IC), memória de trabalho verbal (MTV) e controle inibitório verbal (CIV). Se evidenciaram correlações diretas, com coeficientes de moderados a altos entre o SAC (SR) e a capacidade de abstração CA, o controle motor inibitório (CMI), a MTV, a memória de trabalho espacial (MTE) e o funcionamento executivo global (IFSTOT).
Conclusões: Os ex-combatientes apresentaram um rendimento inferior na memória de trabalho verbal e o controle inibitório verbal, o que impacta as capacidades de antecipação, estabelecimento de metas, desenho de planos, iniciação de condutas voluntárias e o controle inibitório. O anterior pode gerar a toma de decisões equivocadas.
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Referências
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