Aproximación a los metanálisis de comparación de múltiples tratamientos: una revisión de la literatura
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Los metanálisis de comparación de múltiples tratamientos permiten estudiar, a partir de revisiones sistemáticas, las comparaciones realizadas de forma directa o indirecta, sobre diversos tipos de intervenciones, con datos de varios ensayos clínicos que, por su homogeneidad en los resultados, pueden agruparse en un resultado común y expresable de manera cuantitativa. Otros nombres que recibe son: metanálisis en red, metanálisis de comparación mixta o metanálisis indirectos. Al permitir la comparación de varios tratamientos facilitan una mejor estimación del efecto de las intervenciones, lo que guía de forma más certera al clínico en sus decisiones y en la aplicación de la información en el cuidado de sus pacientes. El objetivo de esta revisión es guiar al lector para que realice de manera organizada y adecuada la lectura crítica (según recomendaciones JAMA) de los metanálisis de comparación de múltiples tratamientos. Este artículo está orientando a los autores y a los editores, y contiene información sobre cómo deben interpretarse y comunicarse estos estudios.
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