State of anxiety and behaviors related to the diet of athletes in the department of Antioquia during the mandatory isolation measure due to covid-19

Main Article Content

Hugo Osorio Jaramillo
Diego Osorio Jaramillo
Olga Lucía Quiroz Bastidas
Adriana García Ramírez
Daniel Londoño Velásquez
Mario A. Quintero Velásquez

Abstract

Objective: to identify the impact of the social confinement measure decreed by the Colombian government in the face of Covid-19 on anxiety levels and eating behaviors in athletes attached to different teams in the department of Antioquia.


Methodology: cross-sectional descriptive observational study in athletes with high sports achievements from Indeportes Antioquia, who were treated in the medical area between January and August 2020. Aspects of anxiety and eating behaviors, caused during the social isolation measure derived of the Covid-19 pandemic were studied.


Results: the survey was answered by 150 athletes. In men, anxiety increases as the age group increases. In women, the phenomenon is opposite. For the same high anxiety rating, the percentage decreases with age. With reference to behaviors related to eating, analyzed under such a complex circumstance, such as the Covid-19 pandemic, allowed sports and health professionals to direct effective recommendations for the athletes they advise, regarding anxiety management and the control of certain negative behaviors that can affect their health and their performance.


Conclusions: the results regarding anxiety coincide with current studies, in which, in general terms, the assessed populations show low levels of anxiety; this is related to a low tendency to alterations in eating behavior in the studied population.

Keywords:
covid-19, athletes, anxiety, eating disorders

Article Details

Author Biographies

Hugo Osorio Jaramillo, Indeportes Antioquia

Sports Medicine, Indeportes Antioquia. Medellin Colombia.

Diego Osorio Jaramillo, Indeportes Antioquia

Sports Medicine, Indeportes Antioquia. Medellin Colombia.

Olga Lucía Quiroz Bastidas, Indeportes Antioquia

Sports Medicine, Indeportes Antioquia. Medellin Colombia.

Adriana García Ramírez, Indeportes Antioquia

Sports Medicine, Indeportes Antioquia. Medellin Colombia.

Daniel Londoño Velásquez, Indeportes Antioquia

Sports Medicine, Indeportes Antioquia. Medellin Colombia.

Mario A. Quintero Velásquez, Indeportes Antioquia

Sports Medicine, Indeportes Antioquia. Medellin Colombia.

References

Singha T. A review of Coronavirus disease-2019 (covid-19). The Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 2020;87(4):281–86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-020-03263-6

Decreto número 531 de 2020. [Intenet]. Disponible en: https://dapre.presidencia.gov.co/ normativa/normativa/DECRETO %20531 %20DEL %208 %20DE %20ABRIL %20DE %202020.pdf

González M. Reflexión sobre los trastornos de ansiedad en la sociedad occidental. [Internet], recuperado el 5 de 1 de 2021, disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_ arttext&pid=S0864-21252007000100013&lng=es&tlng=es.

De Castro A, García G, Eljagh S. Proceso experiencial: comprendiendo al ser humano en primera persona. Psicología Desde el Caribe. 2012;29(2): 41-8.

Díaz I. Nivel de activación, ansiedad y estrés. [Internet]. Recuperado el 5 de 1 de 2021, disponible en: https://www.mastersipd.com/campus/pluginfile.php/2507/mod_resource/content/5/ Apuntes %206 %20 %28M3 %29.pdf

Anacona R, Armando C, Martínez JA, Guerrero R, Smith I. Tendencias de los artículos en psicología clínica en Iberoamérica. Terapia psicológica. 2006;27(1):61-71.

González H, Mercedes E, Macías A, Gabriela K, Sánchez S. Regulación neuroendócrina del hambre, la saciedad y mantenimiento del balance energético. Investigación en Salud. 2006;8(3):191-200.

Carranza QLI. Fisiología del apetito y el hambre. Enfermería Investiga. 2916;1(3)25-32.

Carrasco S. Orientaciones teóricas y formulación de problemas en el estudio socioantropológico de la alimentación. Alteridades. 2003;13(26):105-13.

Lantelme B. Las relaciones internacionales, el turismo y un nuevo fenómeno mundial covid-19. El caso de los Juegos Olímpicos (Tokio, 2020). Temas y debates: revista universitaria de ciencias sociales, Nº. Extra 1, 2020, 431-437.

Holmes EA, O’Connor RC, Perry VH, Tracey I, Wessely S, et al. Multidisciplinary research priorities for the covid-19 pandemic: a call for action for mental health science. Lancet Psychiatry 2020;7,547-60.

Pérez P, Montano L. Estudio del riesgo de presentar trastornos alimentarios en un grupo de estudiantes de licenciatura y posgrado de instituciones mexicanas. Espacio I+D, Innovación más Desarrollo. 2020;9(23):54-68.

Garner DM, Garfinkel PE. The Eating Attitudes Test: An index of the symptoms of anorexia nervosa. Psychological Medicine. 1979:9:273-79.

Spielberger CD. Test Anxiety Inventory Palo Alto, C.A: Consulting Psychologists Press. 1980.

Gandarillas A, Zorrilla B, Sepúlveda AR. Trastornos del comportamiento alimentario: prevalencia de casos clínicos en mujeres adolescentes de la Comunidad de Madrid [Internet]. Documentos Técnicos de Salud Pública, n.° 85. Madrid: Dirección General de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad; 2003 [consultado 22 Mar 2021]. Disponible en: http://www.publicaciones-isp.org/ productos/d085.pdf

Constaín G, Rodríguez M, Ramírez GA, Gómez GM, Mejía L, Cardona J. Diagnostic validity and usefulness of the Eating Attitudes Test-26 for the assessment of eating disorders risk in a Colombian male population. Aten Primaria. 2017;49(4):206-13.

Gramigna J. University students at significant risk for mental health effects of covid-19 lockdownHealio [internet]. Citado el 9 de noviembre de 2020, disponible en: https://www.healio. com/news/psychiatry/20201023/university-students-at-significant-risk-for-mental-health-effects-of-covid19-lockdown#:~:text=University %20students %20who %20experienced %20 lockdowns,published %20in %20JAMA %20Network %20Open.

Alzueta E, Perrin P, Baker F. How the covid-19 pandemic has changed our lives: A study of psychological correlates across 59 countries. J Clinical Psychology. 2020;77(3):556-70.

Sandin B, Valiente RM, García J, Chorot P. Impacto psicológico de la pandemia de covid-19: efectos negativos y positivos en la población española asociados al periodo de confinamiento nacional. Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica. 2020;25(1):1-22.

Cao W, Fang Z, Hou G, Han M, Xu X, Dong J, et al. The psychological impact of the covid-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychitatry Res. 2020;287:112934.

Jiménez G, Mayo X, López A, Ardanuy M. Estudio del impacto del covid-19 sobre el ecosistema del deporte español. Madrid: Asociación Deporte Español (ADESP) y Fundación España Activa. 2020.

Weinberg S, Gould D. Fundamentos de la psicología del deporte. Editorial Ariel S.A. Barcelona, 1996, 420-424.

Lozano-Vargas A. Impacto de la epidemia del coronavirus (covid-19) en la salud mental del personal de salud y en la población general de China. Revista de Neuropsiquiatría. 2020:83(1):51-6.

Liang L, Ren H, Cao R, Hu Y, Qin Z, Li C, et al. The effect of covid-19 on youth mental healt. Psychiatr Q. 2020;91(3):841-52.

van Strien T, Ouwens MA, Engel C, De Weerth C. Inhibitory control and distress-induced emotional eating. Appetite. 2014;79:124-33.

Dos Santos M, Guazzelli C, Oumatu AC, Dos Santos R. Emotional eating, binge eating, physical inactivity, and vespertine chronotype are negative predictors of dietary practices during covid-19 social isolation: A cross-sectional study. Nutrition. 2021;90:111223.

Phillipou A, Meyer E, Neill E, Tan E, Toh WL, van Rheenen S, et al. Eating and exercise behaviors in eating disorders and the general population during the covid-19 pandemic in Australia: Initial results from the collate project. Int J Eat Disord. 2020;53(7):1158-65.

MacKenzie R, Duffy F, Newman E, Prieto C, Huseyin H, Sharpe H. Exploring changes in body image, eating and exercise during the covid-19 lockdown: A UK survey. Appetite, 2021;159:105062.