Análisis de la causalidad en el estudio genético de los trastornos neuropsiquiátricos: revisión narrativa
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Los trastornos neuropsiquiátricos se caracterizan por formas complejas de transmisión genética. El conocimiento de los aspectos básicos de los diseños metodológicos más usados en la investigación sobre la genética de estos trastornos permite al clínico una búsqueda más eficaz de la literatura disponible, así como una mejor lectura crítica y aplicación práctica de los artículos sobre esta área del conocimiento. Esta revisión tiene como objetivo describir los diseños estadísticos-epidemiológicos más utilizados en este ámbito e ilustrar dicha descripción con algunos ejemplos. En concreto, se revisan aspectos metodológicos generales sobre los estudios de gemelos, los estudios de adopción, análisis de pedigríes, estudios de asociación (casos y controles) y análisis de ligamiento genético.
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