Uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação para o cuidado do binômio materno-fetal: revisão do assunto
Conteúdo do artigo principal
Resumo
A existência de foros clínicos e redes sociais de pacientes que intercambiam informação sobre sua doença e tratamento, páginas web com informação especializada em patologias e em linguagem acessível ao público em geral, entre outras mudanças, hão modificado a assimetria de informação que faz que as pessoas consulte os serviços de saúde. Se se tem em conta estas novas possibilidades virtuais, a escassez de pessoal de saúde e os demais fatores contemplados, a tele-saúde têm todas as possibilidades no futuro imediato. O propósito desta revisão é identificar o uso da tele-saúde como estratégia para superar barreiras de acesso, disponibilidade e oportunidade de serviço para o binômio materno fetal. Para estabelecer conceitos se retomam definições de informática biomédica, e-saúde, tele-saúde, tele-medicina tele-educação. É necessário avaliar os modelos de tele-saúde para o cuidado do binômio materno fetal com o fim de identificar as lições aprendidas e fatores de sucesso necessários para novas implementações de modelos. Dentro das tecnologias aplicadas se encontram meios massivos de comunicação, telefone convencional, celular, mensagens de texto, internet, videoconferências, correio electrônico, ultrassom e ecocardiografia fetal. Depois de avaliar as experiências se encontra vantagens como: aderência a tratamentos, aumento da cobertura e na capacidade de detecção precoce de acontecimentos, entre outras. Dentro das desvantagens: problemática de cobertura de internet e de sinal de celular, e resistência ao uso de tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC). Enquanto aos aspectos económicos, não há provas concluintes de que a tele-medicina e a teleassistência são rentáveis em comparação com a atenção tradicional da saúde. Mas, a evidência sugere que a tele-saúde no lar tem o potencial de reduzir custos, mas seu impacto, desde uma perspectiva social, é incerto enquanto não se disponha de estudos de maior qualidade. O uso das tecnologias de tele-medicina através do tempo (monitoração remoto fetal, ultrassom, e tele-consultas) há dado lugar a uma marcada redução na mortalidade perinatal em comparação com um grupo equivalente de pacientes obstétricas com estratégias tradicionais.
Detalhes do artigo
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