La perspectiva del curso de la vida para la prevención del cáncer cervical: revisión narrativa
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Resumen
El cáncer cervical es de los más diagnosticados y al mismo tiempo el más prevenible, ya que se han identificado con plenitud las diferentes etapas de su historia natural y se han desarrollado estrategias de prevención acorde a ellas. Sin embargo, esas estrategias no se ven reflejadas en la reducción de la morbilidad y la mortalidad en los países de bajos y medianos ingresos, debido a diferentes problemáticas tanto estructurales como individuales. En la presente revisión narrativa se explora la interacción entre la historia natural de la enfermedad, sus determinantes sociales y el enfoque del curso de vida, así que se analizan las barreras presentes para las estrategias de prevención, como la vacuna contra el virus del papiloma humano (VPH), el tamizaje y el tratamiento de lesiones cancerosas, propuestas en 2020 en la Estrategia Mundial para la Eliminación del Cáncer de Cuello Uterino, para sugerir cómo los esfuerzos intersectoriales pueden contribuir a disminuir las barreras de acceso en la prevención de esta enfermedad.
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