Actividad in vitro de la tigeciclina en cepas bacterianas cultivadas en muestras clínicas de pacientes atendidos en un hospital universitario
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Introducción: el constante incremento de la resistencia bacteriana a los antibióticos, hace necesario disponer de herramientas terapéuticas. La tigeciclina es un nuevo antibiótico, derivado de la minociclina, y ha demostrado excelente actividad in vitro en contra de un amplio espectro de microorganismos.
Objetivo: describir la sensibilidad de las bacterias aerobias grampositivas y gramnegativas a la tigeciclina, aisladas de muestras clínicas, en un hospital de cuarto nivel de atención.
Metodología: se realizó la identificación por medios convencionales y el estudio de sensibilidad a la tigeciclina por el método de difusión con disco, a bacterias cultivadas de muestras (con excepción de orina) provenientes de pacientes atendidos en el servicio de Urgencias y ambulatorios.
Resultados: en total se estudiaron 2 515 bacterias. El 100% de las cepas de Staphylococcus aureus (651), Staphylococcus coagulasa negativa (382) y Enterococcus spp. (276) es sensible a la tigeciclina. Del mayor número de enterobacterias analizadas, Escherichia coli (511) presentó una sensibilidad del 99.8%, Klebsiella pneumoniae (332) un 93.1% y Enterobacter cloacae (129) del 96.9%. Las cepas que presentaron mecanismos de resistencia como Staphylococcus spp. oxacilino resistentes y enterobacterias productores de betalactamasas de espectro extendido presentaron altos porcentajes de sensibilidad a la tigeciclina.
Conclusiones: la tigeciclina, como en la mayoría de los estudios realizados en otras regiones del mundo, presentó una excelente actividad in vitro en las bacterias cultivadas en las muestras clínicas de este Hospital y, por tanto, podría ser una opción en el tratamiento, tanto empírico como terapéutico, de las infecciones en las que esté indicado su uso.
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